the Great (Fr. le Grand)
the Lame (Fr. le Boiteux).
the Fair:
Cardinal de Guise:
Monsieur le Prince:
the Good (Fr. le Bon): "Louis II, who succeeded Pierre I, married Anne of Auvergne, a lady who brought immense wealth into the House of Bourbon. He was surnamed the Good, and he died at the age of seventy-nine, after having devoted his faculties and courage to the service of his country." (Bingham, Vol. I: 18)
Cardinal de Guise:
Louis III of Anjou.
Monsieur le Duc:
Cardinal de Guise:
le Chevalier sans Reproche:
the Bruiser:
the Fat (le Gros):
" . . . Louis was well-named -- by the end of his reign he was barely able to rise from his throne without help -- but until his increasing weight made it impossible he was essentially a warrior king, the strongest since Charlemagne, who devoted his life to the consolidation of Capetian supremacy throughout his domains. . . ." (A History of France)
"The French King, Louis the Fat, lay dying in his hunting lodge where he had been taken to escape the summer hear, the flies, and the stench of Paris. His hands shook with palsy, and his bleary eyes could hardly see. Recently he had grown so fat that he could no longer mount a horse or bend over to tie his shoes.
"In spite of these physical handicaps and the fact that he had not long to live. Louis' mind was as sharp as ever. He deserved a better nickname, for he had been a hardworking monarch, riding throughout his royal domain, seeing that justice was done, asserting his and his people's rights against unruly barons. He had earned the respect and gained the support of his subjects within his little kingdom, a small area surrounding the city of Paris. . . ."
the Fighter (le Batailleur):
the King of Saint-Denis
the Wide-Awake: " . . . The kingship appeared once more with the attributes of energy and efficiency on the accession of Louis VI, son of Philip IO. He was brought up in the monastery of St. Denis, which at that time had for its superior a man of judgment, the Abbot Adam; and he then gave evidence of tendencies and received his training under influences worthy of the position which awaited him. He was handsome, tall, strong and alert, determined and yet affable. He had more taste for military exercises than for the amusements of childhood and the pleasures of youth. He was at that time called Louis the Wide-awake. . . ." (Guizot: 381)
the French:
Prudhomme:
Louis X of France.
Ragno:
the Cruel, Strict:
the Father of His People: " . . . No king of France was ever more solicitous to promote the happiness of his people; and so enthusiastically was he beloved by them in return that they gave him the surname of the 'Father of his People.'. . . ." (History of the German Emperors and Their Contemporaries: 226)
the Just (Fr. le Juste): " . . . Louis, for his part, was to be Louis le Juste, a worthy successor to his forebear, St. Louis. . . ." " . . . Louis' sobriquet, which seems to have been attached to him in his youth, is said to have been originally inspired by the fact that he was born under Libra. He could therefore be expected to keep the scales of justice in balance. . . ." (Elliott. Richelieu and Olivares: 43)
born Louis de Bourbon
Old Bona Fide:
Pharaoh:
Pygmalion:
Roi des Revues: " . . . Louis never had to give explanations of his movements or his motives, and no one dared ask him for them. So no one knows the reason of this action. The foreign press triumphantly attributed it to personal cowardice, and from this date begins Louis's nickname of 'Roi des Revues'. Physical personal cowardice it was not---that is a quite uncommon weakness, and Louis had early shown that he did not possess it. Moral cowardice it may well have been, and in the writer's personal opinion it actually was. Louis had never commanded in person in a pitched battle, and he mistrusted his capacity. Nor would he imperil his dignity by commanding with Luxembourg at his elbow. . . ." (Forester: 207)
Sesostris:
la Grand Monarque:
les Rois de Commis: "The nobility, deprived of its proud feudal independence, was transformed by Louis XIV into a court aristocracy which no other purpose but that of enhancing the splendour of royalty. He did, it is true, fill the public offices and, above all, the higher military posts, with nobles for preference, but, even, so, from being minor sovereigns they had become crown officials, distinguishable from ordinary subjects only by outward honours and decorations. And apart from them the King, as a matter of fact, drew into his service large numbers of bourgeoisie, wherever he found talent and enterprise, especially on the administrative side---hence the nickname that Saint-Simon gives him in the Memoires, 'le rois de commis.'. . . ." (A Cultural History of the Modern Age Vol. 2: 85)
Pygmalion:
Roi des Revues: " . . . Louis never had to give explanations of his movements or his motives, and no one dared ask him for them. So no one knows the reason of this action. The foreign press triumphantly attributed it to personal cowardice, and from this date begins Louis's nickname of 'Roi des Revues'. Physical personal cowardice it was not---that is a quite uncommon weakness, and Louis had early shown that he did not possess it. Moral cowardice it may well have been, and in the writer's personal opinion it actually was. Louis had never commanded in person in a pitched battle, and he mistrusted his capacity. Nor would he imperil his dignity by commanding with Luxembourg at his elbow. . . ." (Forester: 207)
Sesostris:
la Grand Monarque:
les Rois de Commis: "The nobility, deprived of its proud feudal independence, was transformed by Louis XIV into a court aristocracy which no other purpose but that of enhancing the splendour of royalty. He did, it is true, fill the public offices and, above all, the higher military posts, with nobles for preference, but, even, so, from being minor sovereigns they had become crown officials, distinguishable from ordinary subjects only by outward honours and decorations. And apart from them the King, as a matter of fact, drew into his service large numbers of bourgeoisie, wherever he found talent and enterprise, especially on the administrative side---hence the nickname that Saint-Simon gives him in the Memoires, 'le rois de commis.'. . . ." (A Cultural History of the Modern Age Vol. 2: 85)
the Destroyer of Heresy:
the Gallic Pharaoh:
the Gallic Pharaoh:
the Great:
--" . . . It was after this treaty of Nimeguen (sic) that the title of 'Great' was given to Louis XIV. . . ." (The Marriages of the Bourbons, Vol. 1: 518)
--"Grandson of Henry IV, the greatest of the French Bourbon kings, though he himself was also called Le Grand, or The Great. Born 1638, died 1715. His reign was distinguished for the brilliant men he gathered at his court and the unparalleled reverses which befell his power and prosperity in his closing years." (Great Leaders: 327)
the New Constantine:
the Ruler of Kings:
the Sun God:
the Sun King (Fr. le Roi Soleil):
the New Constantine:
the Ruler of Kings:
the Sun God:
the Sun King (Fr. le Roi Soleil):
--"Roi Soleil, Le, or The Sun King. A nickname given to Louis XIV. of France, from his delight in appearing as Apollo, God of the Sun, at the fetes given at court or at the palaces of his courtiers. Kitchin, in his History of France (London, 1885; iii. P, 163), says: — Louis was the centre of all; mythological or classical shows displayed his fine figure and handsome face, as a hero or a god; he delighted to appear as an Apollo, God of the Sun. of culture, of the arts, dispensing vivifying smiles and warmth of life. The vaunting and menacing motto 'Nec Pluribus Impar' first appeared at a great carousal at the Tuileries; in that device the monarch-sun shines brightly on the earth, as if, like Alexander, he longed for other worlds, that he might dazzle them with his light." (Frey, pp. 304-305).
--"Athenais took part with the king in the great ballets which played an important part in court festivities, a worthy partner for the handsome young Roi Soleil, who derived his nickname from his gorgeous appearance in the ballet as the sun-god. . . ." (von Gleichen-Russwurm: 186)
--"The greatness of Louis XIV was a sort of attitudinising greatness. He had a kind of magnificence which was splendid in the eyes of the courtiers and valets, but it was of a lower kind that that of our own West-Saxon Edmund the Magnificent. . . ." (Chambers and Chambers, Vol. 50: 536)
the God-given (Louis Dieudonne)
the Sun King (Louis le Roi Soleil)
the Great (Louis le Grand)
the Grand Monarch (Louis le Grand Monarque)
the God-given (Louis Dieudonne)
the Sun King (Louis le Roi Soleil)
the Great (Louis le Grand)
the Grand Monarch (Louis le Grand Monarque)
the Beloved (Fr. Bien Aime):
the God-given (Fr. Dieudonne): "Under the circumstances, it is easy to understand how the infant Louis was described as 'Dieudonne' or 'Deodatus': Godgiven. And even as the years passed, the apparently miraculous nature of his conception and birth were never forgotten. Once German diplomat would refer to the King's 'quite extraordinary birth' over forty years after the event'." (Fraser: 5)
the Well-Beloved (Fr. le Bien-Aime):
--" . . . In 1744, Louis took command of the army himself, and was present at the reduction of several places; but at Metz he was attacked with a dangerous illness, which produced a general consternation throughout France. His recovery was celebrated with transports of joy, and the surname of Well-Beloved was given him on this occasion, when he displayed the feelings of a good heart, exclaiming, very discreetly, as well as very naturally, 'How sweet it is to be thus loved! What have I done to deserve it?'. . . ." (Peake: 407)
--" . . . The sobriquet 'Louis the Well-Beloved' (le Bien-Aime) which Louis XV acquired in 1744, shortly after his passage to sole rule without the guidance of Cardinal Fleury, was certainly more seductive than, say, Charles the Bald or Louis the Fat... Louis XV 's sobriquet proved unable to inspire popular affection. Even though French society was beginning to expand and boom after the hollow years at the turn of the century, certain of his subjects were almost at once after 1744 ironizing about the title of 'Well-Beloved', and comparing Louis with Herod. In many circles, Louis XV would be the 'Ill-Beloved' (le Mal-Aime) down to his death in 1774." (Jones: 125)
Citizen Capet:
Citoyen Louis Capet:
Monsieur Veto:
the Locksmith King (Fr. le Roi Serrurier):
--" . . . Some psychologists have diagnosed Louis with clinical depression. As a child, Louis loved locksmithing, and he picked it up as a hobby. . . ." (Vive le France)
--" . . . The nickname was Louis XVI was 'the locksmith king' because of his passion for making and repairing locks. . . ." (The Routledge Dictionary of Cultural References in Modern French)
Louis deux fois neuf (by French wits)
Monsieur Frère du Roi
Jehu:
Old Bungy Louis (by local English folks)
Tartuffe (by his brother Duc de Berry)
the Desired (Fr. de Desire)
the King of Slops (Fr. le Roi Panade): " . . . Louis XVIII was often referred to as the King of Slops after telling starving Parisians in the 18th Century to eat pig slops." (Lifting the lid on royal nicknames)
the Royal Invalid (by Chateaubriand):
the Royal Invalid (by Chateaubriand):
le Petit Dauphin:
Genovefain: "After the early death of his wife in 1726, until his own death in 1752, Louis lived by strict rules. Around 1740, he ordered the employment of a High Priest at the Palais Royal to stay with him while he was in ill health. He later decided to retire at the Abbaye Sainte-Genevieve de P. As he retired, and from this time on, he became known as Louis le Genovefain. As he retired into private life, Louis spent his time translating the Psalms and the Pauline epistles, protecting men of science and managing his wealth, He was praised for his charitable works. At the time of his death in 1752, at the age of forty-eight, Louis d'Orleans d lost most of his sanity. . . ." (Biographies: 96)
the Bourgeois King:
the Citizen KIng:
Louis-Philippe I d'Orleans, Duke of Orleans.
Louis-Philippe d'Orleans
the Fat (Fr. le Gros).
Louis-Philippe II d'Orleans, 5th Duc d'Orleans.
born Louis-Philippe-Joseph d'Orleans
Philippe Egalite.: " . . . He was Philippe Egalite, because he had chosen the side of the Revolution in 1789. Grandpapa had cast the decisive vote which, on 21 January 1793, had brought his cousin, King Louis XVI, to the guillotine." (A Throne in Brussels: 54)
Babochon:
Louis de Bourbon (1667-1683).
le Beau Borgne.
the Handsomest Man of His Time: "This personage, who has been called the handsomest man of his time, was a member of one of the noblest families of France, and born in 1635. . . ." (Frey: 224)
el Hombre Justo:
Dickie
Lord Mountbottom
the Fabulous Mountbattens: Edwina Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma [95] & --Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma [96]
the Green Ape so called "because of his hump back, a greenish tint to his skin and tics. He was considered bizarre, cowardly and vicious." (Louis XIV and the Land of Love and Adventure: 1700 to 1715)
Gambillard:
Papa Breteuil (by Marie-Antoinette of France):
Duc de La Valette et de Candale.
the Handsome Candale.
Louis-Claude Bigot de Sainte-Croix.
the Bourgeois King: " . . . Louis Philippe was the king of the French people, not, like his predecessor, king of France. He had not come to the throne by election or plebiscite or widespread popular demand. Nor was the throne his by direct descent, for there were Bourbons still alive---the ex-king Charles X and his grandson. Louis Philippe had been put forward in the July Revolution as the nominee of some bourgeois Liberals who feared the Republic almost as much as they feared the triumph of Charles X. And Lafayette, who might have made a republic, had agreed to accept him and had embraced him under the tricolour at the Hotel de Ville. The Paris crowd had applauded and accepted him for France, in the Paris way of giving rulers to the country. So Louis Philippe was the bourgeois king. He walked the streets of his capital armed with a big green umbrella, and shook hands with whichever of his citizens wished that honou. . . ." (Flenley: 52)
the King of the Barricades (Fr. Roi des Barricades): "A nickname of Louis Philippe, whose accession was preceded by an emeute lasting three days, during which the mob raised numerous barricades in the streets of Paris." (Dictionary of Historical Allusions: 217)
Cardinal de Rohan:
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