the Great: "At the period when Hugh Capet acquired the throne, the Duchy was held by Henry, his brother, distinguished in history as Henri le Grand, though, according to the ordinary sense in which this much abused and often mischievous epithet is employed, we cannot discover any appropriateness in the application thereof to him.---Henry was really a good man, a quiet man; never did he give the slightest disturbance to his neighbours, never did he perform a warlike deed, never did he engage in any intrigues, political or amatory, his time and mind being completely engrossed by higher objects. A charter, however, can be quoted in which Hugh Capet bestows upon his brother the title of 'Grand Duke,' but the original is not extant. Possibly, the expression intended to bestow upon Henry a superior constitutional dignity, became colloquially attached to his name." (The History of Normandy and of England: 114)
the Battler: "One must avoid being too dismissive of Kings Henry and Philip. They certainly kept alive and viable both the monarchy and the Capetian dynasty which Hugh Capet and Robert II had established in the late tenth and early eleventh centuries. They thus made possible the great advances in royal power and royal governmental institutions in the twelfth century. . . And the modern historian must be careful not to let the absence of a contemporary biographer -- such as both Robert II and Louis VI had -- make one discount the kings in between who did not have one. The nickname of 'The Battler' which the Miracula Sancti Benedicti gave Henry does not make up for the lack of biography.. . . ." (Luscombe and Riley-Smith: 121)
the Gashed, theScarred (Fr. le Balafre ):
--"His (Francois of Guise, Henri's father) face was frightfully scarred by wounds received when fighting against the English in 1546, but it was his son and not himself who received the nickname of 'le Balafre'. . . ." (Fawcett: 197)
--"...[T]he strong, brilliant Henry, Duke of Guise, [was] the son of the warrior who took Calais. Courtly, eloquent, magnetic, Guise was the idol of Paris. He was twice wounded in action, once in the arm, and again in the leg and head. A bullet clipped his ear and scarred his cheek which gave him his nickname, Le Balafre, in spite of which he was considered very handsome. One the cardinals at court remarked of the Guises, father and son, that they made other people seem common by comparison." (McCann: 204)
the Buffalo
the Fat
Henri I of Tréguier & Guingamp (1100-1190)
the Good (Fr. Henri le Bon).
Le Heros de la Fable
le Ceinturé
Henri II of Montmorency, 4th Duke of Montmorency
la Gloire des Braves
 |
| Henri III of France |
born Henri III d'Angouleme
Henri III de Navarre
Henri III de Valois-Orleans-Angouleme
Henri III de Navarre
Henri III de Valois-Orleans-Angouleme
Mignon
le Petit Huguenot
the Coxcomb
the Cute
the King of Nothing (Fr. le Roi de Rien): " . . . Surrounded by his mignons, his 'pretty young men', Henry earned from the common people the epithet of the 'New Herod', and from his mother (Catherine de' Medici) 'le Roi de Rien' (The King of Nothing). . . ."(Davies: 420)
the King of Trifles
the Lovely
the Man-Milliner: "This man-milliner, 'weaker than woman and worse than harlot,' whose delight was to invent new fashions in dress, was called in contempt le Mignon (the fribble); and well deserved the denigrating designation." (Brewer: 165)
the Minion (Fr. le Mignon): "...Henri III. of France was called le Mignon, which means pretty well the same thing." (Brewer)
the New Herod
the Pretty Face
the Prince of Coxcombs
the Prince of Sodom.
le Petit Huguenot
the Coxcomb
the Cute
the King of Nothing (Fr. le Roi de Rien): " . . . Surrounded by his mignons, his 'pretty young men', Henry earned from the common people the epithet of the 'New Herod', and from his mother (Catherine de' Medici) 'le Roi de Rien' (The King of Nothing). . . ."(Davies: 420)
the King of Trifles
the Lovely
the Man-Milliner: "This man-milliner, 'weaker than woman and worse than harlot,' whose delight was to invent new fashions in dress, was called in contempt le Mignon (the fribble); and well deserved the denigrating designation." (Brewer: 165)
the Minion (Fr. le Mignon): "...Henri III. of France was called le Mignon, which means pretty well the same thing." (Brewer)
the New Herod
the Pretty Face
the Prince of Coxcombs
the Prince of Sodom.
Henri of Navarre
Henri Quartre: " . . . But the same cannot be said of the monarch whom the French call 'Henri Quartre,' but who is generally known to present-day Englishmen as 'Henry of Navarre,' an appellation which properly belongs only to the earlier part of his strenuous career. Macaulay helped to popularize it, however, and there is perhaps a particular reason why it should have prevailed among us. Broadly speaking, ours is a Protestant country, and 'Henry of Navarre' was the champion of Protestantism; whereas 'Henri Quartre' was a Catholic King." (The Favourites of Henry of Navarre: 1)
le Bearnais: "Bearnais (Le), Henri IV. of France, so called from his native province, Le Béarn. . . ." (Brewer)
Mon Soldat: "Henry IV, whom Gabrielle used to call 'mon soldat,' gave himself up to a most weak and puerile despair; history justly reproaches him with having abandoned his army, to which his presence was most necessary, and, accompanied only by five gentlement, passed several corps of the enemy at night, in order to proceed to the dwelling of the object of his opassion, for whom, at that moment, he could have compromised the destinies of France. . . ." (Memoirs of the Queens of France: 36)
Our Henry (le Nouste Henric)
Poliarchus
the Father of the People
the Father of the People
the Father and Friend of the People
the Free King (Fr. le Roi Libre)
the Gallic Hercules (Fr. le Hercule Gaulois): "The Gallic Hercules- Henri IV, in a propaganda print published in the 1590s. Above the pillars are the arms of France (left) and Navarre (right). Beside these are a scene of Henri's coronation (left) and one of his victorious battles (right). Henri de Navarre was a master of the media -- ready with a bon mot, a moving manifesto, the right mix of authority, humor, and earthiness. The sixteenth century was an age of media explosion, with political pamphlets, tracts, broadsides, books advocating all sorts of ideas, bringing news from far away, and explaining how to do everything." (Newman)
the Free King (Fr. le Roi Libre)
the Gallic Hercules (Fr. le Hercule Gaulois): "The Gallic Hercules- Henri IV, in a propaganda print published in the 1590s. Above the pillars are the arms of France (left) and Navarre (right). Beside these are a scene of Henri's coronation (left) and one of his victorious battles (right). Henri de Navarre was a master of the media -- ready with a bon mot, a moving manifesto, the right mix of authority, humor, and earthiness. The sixteenth century was an age of media explosion, with political pamphlets, tracts, broadsides, books advocating all sorts of ideas, bringing news from far away, and explaining how to do everything." (Newman)
the Gentleman of Gascony (lou Gentilhome Gascoun): "In Gascony, and particularly in the Bearnais area around Pau, they think of Good King Henry as one of their own, lou nouste Henric, 'our Henry'. He is also known as lou Gentilhome gascoun, 'the gentleman of Gascony'. In an endearing piece of political spin, Henry said that the rest of France was annexed to Gascony, instead of the other way around." (Calder: 111)
the Good King Henry (Fr. le Bon Roi Henri)
the Great (Fr. Henri le Grand): " . . . It has been said that he was 'the only king whose memory was cherished by the people.' His subjects remembered him as Henri le Grand, Henri the Great. In physical terms he (like Champlain) was not a large man. But there was a greatness in his acts and thoughts, a largeness in his energy and resolved, and an astonishing amplitude in both his virtues and his vices.: (Fischer. Champlain's Dream: 47)
the Green Gallant
le Vert-Galant (Devoted Admirer): " . . . The frivolity of Henry IV in his private life won for him the nickname Vert galant. . . . "(Goyau. New Advent)
--"The tumultuous private life of Henry IV has become legendary. He fully merited his nickname of Vert Galant. His sexual appetites were insatiable and yet he had no recognized heir as late as 1699, for his marriage to the equally dissolute Marguerite de Valois had been a disaster. . . ." (The Rise and Fall of Renaissance France: 480)
the King of Brave Men (Fr. le Rois des Braves): " . . . A surname or title given by the troops under his command to Henry IV . . . , a valiant and successful general." (Wheeler: 199)
the King of Hearts (Fr. le Roi de Coeur)
the Monk of Montmartre
the Passionate One (Fr. le Passionne): : " . . . The character of Henri IV appeared in the nicknames that his subjects invented for him. They celebrated him as le roi de coeur, the king of hearts. Others called him le passionne, the passionate one; or le roi libre, the free king. The literati like to write of him as le vert-galant, the green gallant---vert with its ambiguous connotations of youth, energy, and (in French) promiscuous sexuality; galant in its mixed association with courtesy and inconstancy. These sobriquets referred to Henri' public and private life. In his many love affairs Henri IV was indeed le roi de coeur, le roi passionne and le roi libre all at once, in a sense that had nothing to do with political theory or public policy. (Fischer. Champlain's Dream: 47)
the Monk of Montmartre
the Passionate One (Fr. le Passionne): : " . . . The character of Henri IV appeared in the nicknames that his subjects invented for him. They celebrated him as le roi de coeur, the king of hearts. Others called him le passionne, the passionate one; or le roi libre, the free king. The literati like to write of him as le vert-galant, the green gallant---vert with its ambiguous connotations of youth, energy, and (in French) promiscuous sexuality; galant in its mixed association with courtesy and inconstancy. These sobriquets referred to Henri' public and private life. In his many love affairs Henri IV was indeed le roi de coeur, le roi passionne and le roi libre all at once, in a sense that had nothing to do with political theory or public policy. (Fischer. Champlain's Dream: 47)
the People's King
the Unsteady (Fr. l'Ondoyant): " . . . Another nickname, borrowed from his father, was 'Henri l'ondoyant,' Henri the Unsteady. . . ."
the Blind:
the Blonde:
the Great:
the Condemned:
Donzel (A young squire or knight's attendant)
the Demon of Rebellion (by Richelieu): " . . . Bouillon, whom Richelieu called 'the demon of rebellion,' the man with unfathomable eyes and the crafty mouth, stood behind him and egged him on; he had been forced--so he said--to flee from Paris without his shoes; but the pair of silk stockings which he spoiled thereby would cost the French Court many hundred pairs of boots. . . ." (Richelieu: 65)
Henri I de Guise
Henri de Guise
Henry of Guise
Henry Scarface
the Scarred (Fr. le Balafre): " . . . Guise was the only royalist commander to distinguish himself in the disastrous offensive launched against the Protestants in 1575. At Dormans on the Marne, he showed immense bravery in checking an invasion of German mercenaries. As he pursued the fleeing enemy, a German pistolier, whom the duke had struck twice with his sword, replied with two pistol shots, grazing Guise's thigh and taking away part of his cheek and left ear. The wound was serious, but after six weeks of convalescence he was left with a scar to rival his father's and a nickname to match---le Balafre (scar-face). . . ." (Martyrs and Murderers)
Henri de Guise
Henry of Guise
Henry Scarface
the Scarred (Fr. le Balafre): " . . . Guise was the only royalist commander to distinguish himself in the disastrous offensive launched against the Protestants in 1575. At Dormans on the Marne, he showed immense bravery in checking an invasion of German mercenaries. As he pursued the fleeing enemy, a German pistolier, whom the duke had struck twice with his sword, replied with two pistol shots, grazing Guise's thigh and taking away part of his cheek and left ear. The wound was serious, but after six weeks of convalescence he was left with a scar to rival his father's and a nickname to match---le Balafre (scar-face). . . ." (Martyrs and Murderers)
le Cadet a la Perle: "Henri de Lorraine, Grand Ecuyer, younger son of the Duc d'Elbeuf, by Catherine Henriette, daughter of Henri Quartre and Gabrielle d'Estrees. He bore the sobriquet of 'le Cadet a la Perle,' because he wore in one ear a pearl of great size, and beauty. The Count d'Harcourt died in 1666." (Freer: 168)
Henri de Lorraine, Sire de Bayon (d.1249)
the Lombard.
Henri de Lorraine-Elbeuf, Duke of Elbeuf.
Henri, Prince de Lillebonne
Henri Prince d'Elbeuf.
Henri V of France:
the First Gentleman in Europe, First Gentleman of Europe:
" . . . In his youth he was trained in all princely accomplishments. During his early manhood his travels were extensive, and in whatever country he presented himself he was received with the honors reserved for monarchs. Personally, he proved the advantages to be derived from a kingly lineage of five hundred years. At this period of his life he was a singularly handsome man. In his bearing he was every inch the king. He was distinguished also for possessing many of the princely qualities. His bravery, integrity of conscience, his loftiness of sentiment, and the amiable condescension of his manners were counted among his virtues and his charms. The Empress of all the Russias said of him, 'One feels he is the first gentleman of Europe.. . . ." (Alden. Harper's New Monthly Magazine, Volume 64: 353)
" . . . In his youth he was trained in all princely accomplishments. During his early manhood his travels were extensive, and in whatever country he presented himself he was received with the honors reserved for monarchs. Personally, he proved the advantages to be derived from a kingly lineage of five hundred years. At this period of his life he was a singularly handsome man. In his bearing he was every inch the king. He was distinguished also for possessing many of the princely qualities. His bravery, integrity of conscience, his loftiness of sentiment, and the amiable condescension of his manners were counted among his virtues and his charms. The Empress of all the Russias said of him, 'One feels he is the first gentleman of Europe.. . . ." (Alden. Harper's New Monthly Magazine, Volume 64: 353)
Henri Monsieur
the Bastard of Valois
Henri de Vaudemont-Guise, Duc d'Aumale, Duc d'Armagnac, 1607–1666
the Young, the Younger.
Henri Breteuil
Henri le Tonnelier
Henry Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
the New Achilles.
the New Achilles.
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